Lord Indra |
In the Vedas Lord Indra stands in the first rank among the Gods and is represented as having a father and a mother. He described as being of a ruddy or golden colour and having arms of enormous lenght, but his forms are endless and he can assume any shape at will. He rides a bright golden car drawn by two ruddy horses with flowing manes and tails. Thunderbolt happens to be weapon which he carries in his hand and also uses arrows a great hook and a net in which he is believed to entangle his fows. The Soma juice happens to be his special delight and stimulated by its exhilarating qualities he goes to war against his foes. As the deity of the atmosphere he governs the weather, dispenses the rain and sends forth his mighty weapon the lightning and thunder and remains continually at war with " Vritra or Ahi " the villain for drought and inclement weather whom he overcomes with his thunderbolts and compels to pour down rain. He is also known as " Vala - bhid ". The Myth says that an asura named ' Pani or Vala ' was killed by Indra to rescue the cows stolen by him that belonged to the priests or gods. More hymns are addressed to Indra than to any other gods other than Agni. He is revered as the bestower of rain and the cause of fertility and is feared as awful ruler of the storm and thunder. Indra is mentioned as having a wife and the name " Indrani or Aindri " is invoked among the goddesses. In the ' Satpatha Brahmana ' he is called Indras beloved wife. In a later mythology Indra is inferior to the triad but happens to be the chief of all other gods. He is the regent of the atmosphere and reigns over Swarga the heaven of gods and beatified spirits. He sends the lightning and hurls the thunderbolt, the rainbow is his bow. He is frequently at war with the Asuras of whom he is in constant dread and by whom he is often worsted. He slew the demon Vritra who was being regarded as a Brahman. Lord Indra had to conceal himself and make sacrifice until his guilt was purged away. According to Mahavarata Indra seduced or endevoured to seduce " Ahalya " the wife of sage Goutama, who happened to be his spiritual teacher and consequently the sages curse impressed upon him a thousand marks resembling the female organ and hence he was called Sa - yoni. Later at the gods request these marks were changed to eyes and hence he is also known as " Netrayoni " " Shahasraksa " the thousand eyed. In the Ramayana it is stated that " Ravana " the king of the Rakshasa of Ceylon warred against Indra in his own heaven and Indra was defeated and carried off to Ceylon by none other than the warrior son of Ravana Megh - nada who for this feat received the title Indrajit which means conqueror of Indra. Brahma and other Gods for the sake of release of Indra had to purchase with the boon of immortality to the victor. Brahma then told the vanquished god that this defeat was his punishment for his seduction of Ahalya. There are many stories told of him in Puranas and he appears especially in rivalry with Krisna. Once he incurred the wrath of sage Dur - vasa. Indra is an object of worship among the pastoral people of Vrajadham but Krisna persuaded them to stop this worship for which Indra was greatly enraged at this and sent a deluge of rain to overwhelm them. But Krisna lifted the mountain Govardhana to shelter them and so it was held for seven days till Indra was baffled and rendered homage to Krisna. Again when Krisna visited swarga and was to carry off the " Parijata " tree, Indra resented its removal and a fight ensued in which Indra was worsted and the tree was carried off. Among the deeds Indra recorded in the puranas is the destruction of of the offspring of Diti in her womb. God Indra has been represented as a fair man riding on a white horse or an white elephant and bearing the vajra or the thunderbolt in his hand. His son is named as Jayanta. However Indra is not the object of direct worship but receives incidental adorations. He has many names like " Mahendra, Sakra, Maghavan, Vasava, Arha, Datteya ". He also has numerous titles like ' Vritra - han, ' the destroyer of Vrita, ' Vajra - pani ' of the thunderbolt hand, ' Megha - vahana ' born upon the clouds, ' Paka - sasana ' the subduer of Paka, ' Sata - kratu ' god of hundred sacrifices, 'Deva-pati' and ' Suradhipa ' chief of gods, ' Divas - pati ' ruler of the atmosphere and many others. The heaven of Lord indra is swarga and its capital is ' Amaravati ' his palace is Vijayanta, his garden Nandana, Kandasara or Parushya, his elephant is Airavata, his horse is known as Uchchaih - sravas, his chariot is Vimana and his charioteer is Matali, his bow the rainbow and his sword the Paran - ja. The puranas say that in each age of the world a different being has enjoyed his position. The Vishnu purana gives the following story. There was a war between the gods and the demons and both the parties asked Brahma as to which side would be victorious. He replied the side for which Raji an earthly king shall take up arms. The demons were the first to call upon Raji who promised to assist them but would have to make him their Indra to which they declined as Indra's term have not yet expired. The same condition was proposed to gods to which they consented and he fought for them and conquered. Upon this Indra bowed down before him and placing Raji's foot upon his head and said ' Thou has preserved me from great danger and I acknowledge thee as my father, thou art the king over all and am thy son '. Raji however contended to remain the king on earth and appointed Indra as his representative on the throne in heaven. The heaven of Indra must not be passed over without notice as it is the good ones here hopes to go there for some time as a reward for their holy lives. To go to swarga as his heaven is named is not the highest happiness anyone can obtain as because he cannot remain there for ever. Just when the alloted period of happiness is over one has to return to earth and live other lives till he becomes perfectly fit enough to enjoy the highest felicity the absorption into the Divine Being. The Vishnu Purana says that not only in hell do the soul of the deceased undergo pain. There is no cessation even in heaven, for the temporary inhabitant is tormented with the prospect of decending on earth again. The home of Indra is situated in Mount Meru. It is believed to be somewhere to the north of the Himalayas and has beautiful houses for its inhabitants and the grandeur is unequalled in the universe. The gardens are stocked with trees which yields the most luscious fruits and adorned with beautiful fragrant flowers. Most beautiful Apsaras charm the happy inhabitants, while the choristers and musicians discourse sweet music thats perhaps unrivalled in the universe. The city was built by Viswakarma and it is eight hundred miles in circumference and fortyeight miles high. The pillars are made of diamonds. Its palaces the thrones and furniture are of pure gold.