Lord Krisna And Viswaroop Darshan |
In my blog an introduction to hindu mythology I shall try to give my readers short details of as many mythological characters as possible to my readers satisfaction though it would be impossible to give a description of all the characters there are. This will not be an exhaustive account but to a lesser extent dealing with their myths the origins and the legends surrounding them. This will also deal with lesser gods few demons some sacred birds etc. So before going any further first lets have a look at the vedas as vedas stands as the primary source for our information. Now if we break up the root word its 'vid' which means to know and veda signifies knowledge. These books are ageless there are no specific dates or time regarding their composition may be thousands and thousands of years ago or may be million, there are some researchers who have stated about the timing but they are nothing but speculation as there is no solid evidence behind them. These are believed to have been dictated by god himself to the muniis and rishis and saints who inturn dictated them to their disciples. This went on and on for centuries. Rishi Vyas deva was rather the editor as we can say. These sacred texts were completely under the grip of brahmin community and it was considered to be a sin if a single word was ever heard by a man of the lower caste. There are four vedas Rig veda, Yajur veda, Sama veda, and last of all Atharva veda.
Each veda has two parts (a)Samhita which is a collection of mantras or hyms (b)Brahmana containing rules of rituals and illustration. Attached to each Brahmana is Upanishad which is considered as a lesser authority. While the earlier is spoken as 'sruti' the Upanishad is 'smriti'. The Samhita and the Brahmana were meant for the brahmins in general, but the Upanishad is meant to satisfy the queries of the philosophers. Yaksha was perhaps the earliest commentator on vedas.
He classified vedic gods into three category, they are:- Agni or Fire who resides on earth, next is Vaiyu or Indra whose place is in the air and thirdly Surya or Sun whose place is in the sky. The gods and demons were mortal and equal in power and all were sons of the supreme creator 'Prajapati or Brahma'. Desirous of being immortal and superior to the demons they offered sacrifices, practised penance very severe in nature to the satisfaction of 'Prajapati' and only then could they become immortal. The 'Asuras' declined further and further in terms of morality and everything and after a long protracted struggle could the 'Gods' gain victory against asuras.
Gods will is independent of anything as because its beyond the power of the mortals to thwart their design. They exercise supreme superiority over their creations and the life of the living things are in their hands. They know well about the thoughts and intention of the people, while the worshipper is rewarded the wicked is punished. The Heaven and Earth are the most ancient of the Aryan deities and are spoken of in the hyms of Rig - Veda. They are regarded as preservers of all creatures. Other passages regards Heaven and Earth as been formed by Indra. Aditi has been mentioned by name and perhaps the only goddess in Rig Veda as the mother of any of the Gods. Another supposition is that she " Aditi " is the personification universal all embracing Nature or Being. In the account of the creation given in Rig Veda Aditi is said to have sprung from "Daksha " but in the same verse Daksha is referred to as her son. The " Vishnu Purana " gives us three different verson regarding the origin of Daksha the father of Aditi. In the first account his name appears as the mind born sons of " Brahma " where he is said to have twentyfour daughters.
The second account of Daksha states Aditi is said to be one of the sixty daughters and is given in marriage to " Rishi Kashypa " and by whom she had twelve sons the Aditiyas. In the third account of Daksha Aditi is mentioned as his daughter and mother of the Sun. The sons of Aditi are termed as Aditiyas.
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